• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A steering system hydraulics actuators (12, 13) for steering wheels (36, 37) are mechanically linked via steering arms (30, 31) and a connecting link (34). The actuators comprise cylinders (24, 25), pistons (14, 15) and hollow piston rods (16, 17). The actuators are operated in single-acting manner by connection of their head chambers (22, 23) only to a directional control valve (42) which is controlled between three positions by the pressure differential across two hydraulic control lines (50, 51). These lines are connected from a manually operated metering pump (52). Feedback connections to the lines (50, 51) are made from first feedback chambers (24, 25) on the rod sides of the pistons (14, 15). In order to overcome problems arising from differential piston velocities, the invention provides additional connections (46, 49) from second feedback chambers (26, 27) in the hollow piston rods. The second feedback chambers change volume in opposite sense to the first feedback chambers and are oppositely connected to the control lines (50, 51).
    公开号:SU1195922A3
    申请号:SU823409251
    申请日:1982-03-15
    公开日:1985-11-30
    发明作者:Артур Виттрен Ричард
    申请人:Диир Энд Компани (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    This invention relates to engineering hydraulics, in particular to power systems for steering a vehicle for laziness. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the control power of the dosage pump. FIG. I is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic power steering system; figure 2 - structural diagram of the cylinder; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. The steering system 1 contains the first and second cylinders 2 and 3, each of which has pistons 4 and 5 with, respectively, piston rods 6 and 7, which can move respectively in buildings 8 and 9. In the latter there are also fixed elongated tubular elements 10 and P, which, together with the corresponding pistons 4 and 5, as well as rods 6 and 7, form bore chambers 12 and 13, rod chambers 14 and 15, and intra rod chambers 16 and 17. Preferably, the working volume of chambers 14 and 16 of the first hydraulic cylinder 2 was equal to the working volume of the chambers 15 and 17 of the second hydraulic cylinder 3. The outer ends 18 and 19 of each stem 6 and 7 are connected to one end of the onopHbtx levers 20 and 21, respectively, which are turned by 22 or 23. The supporting arms 20 and 21 are interconnected by a mechanical pull 24 at points 25 opposite to the connection of the rods 6 and 7 relative to the points 22 and 23. The support arms 20 and 21 together with the tension 2 form the well-known lever mechanism of Akkerman. A pair of steering wheels 26 and 27 is attached to the support legs of the wheels 20 and 21 in the usual way. The fluid for actuating the hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3 is placed in the tank 28. The boost pump 29 connected to the tank 28 supplies the fluid under pressure through the hydraulic lines 30 and 31 to the control valve 32. The control valve 32, which is advantageous. is four-stroke and has three working positions in the Direction of the medium; it contains a movable valve element 33 moving under the effect of pressure difference in cavities 34 and 35. When the sub-valve element 33 displaces 22 s in control valve 32, the liquid supplied under pressure enters one of the front chambers 12 or 13 along hydraulic lines 36 and 37. Additional fluid lines 38 and 39 for fluid are cross-connected (the first reverse chamber 14 of the first hydraulic cylinder 2 with the second reverse cylinder 17 of the second hydraulic cylinder 3, and Also, the second reversing chamber 16 of the first hydraulic cylinder 2 with the first reversing chamber 15 of the second hydraulic cylinder 3, respectively. This method of connecting the two hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3 crosswise ensures equal displacements in the two hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3, which eliminates pressure fluctuations in the system 1. The two lines 38 and 39 are also interconnected by the lines 40 and 41, between which there is a metering pump 42 and a control valve 32. The metering pump 42 is driven by a manual control element, for example a steering wheel 43. The workers cavities 44 and 45 of pump 42 are connected to hydraulic lines 40 and 41. The pressure differential between cavities 44 and 45 is transmitted through hydraulic lines 46 and 47, which are connected to hydraulic lines 40 and 41. The pressure differential that occurs between hydraulic lines 40 and 41 , causes the movable valve element 33 of the control valve 32 to move from its neutral position to a position whereby the passage of fluid under pressure from the boost pump 29 to one of the front chambers 12 and 13 of the hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3, is provided. The steering system 1 also contains two compensation valves 48 and 49, which are connected by hydroline 50. A low pressure reducing valve 51 is installed in the drain line 52, all the while holding positive pressure in it. The compensation valves 48 and 49, which allow the fluid to flow in one direction only, in the direction of the corresponding hydraulic lines 40 and 41, are normally closed. The compensation valves 48 and 49 open at a pressure that is lower than the pressure required by opening the reduction valve 51 to reach 3
    The total amount of liquid was in hydrolines 40 and 41.
    Consider the operation of the steering system 1, starting from the position where the wheels 26 and 27 are mounted straight ahead.
    When the vehicle's engine (not shown) is running, the feed pump 29 will pump the pressurized fluid from the tank 28 and direct it through the hydroline 31 to the control valve 32. Since the movable valve element 33 of the control valve 32 is in the neutral position, the liquid cannot pass to hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3. When turning the steering wheel 43, a pressure differential occurs between the hydraulic lines AO and 41 from the metering pump 42. This differential is perceived by the movable valve element 33 through the hydraulic lines 46 and 47 and causes odvizhny valve member 33 displaceable. For example, if the steering wheel 43 is turned to the left (Fig. 1), then the metering pump 42 pumps the fluid from the hydraulic line 40 and forces it into the hydraulic line 41. This creates a pressure differential in the hydraulic lines 46 and 47, which pushes the movable valve member 33 to the right. When the movable valve element 33 is displaced to the right, the pressurized fluid from the feed pump 29 passes to the control valve 32 and through the hydroline 36 to the front chamber 12 of the first hydraulic cylinder 2. At the same time, the liquid from the front chamber 13 of the second hydraulic cylinder 3 freely passes through the hydraulic line 37 and through control valve 32 to drain line 52 and finally to tank 28. f
    The liquid under pressure, entering the front chamber 12, pushes the piston 4 together with the piston rod 6 outward, turning the wheels 26 and 27: to the left. Such an increase in the volume of the first hydraulic cylinder 2 causes an increase in the volume of the chamber 16 of the return stroke and a decrease in the volume of the chamber 14 of the return stroke. When the first hydraulic cylinder 2 is pulled out, the second hydraulic cylinder 3 is drawn in due to the mechanical connection made by the support levers 20 and 21 and a little 24. The waving of the second hydraulic cylinder 3 causes an increase in the return air chamber 15
    59224
    and reducing the volume of the front camera 13, as well as the camera 17 reverse. The fluid pushed out of the front chamber 13 of the second hydro 5 of cylinder 3 passes into the tank 28, and the liquid exiting the chambers 14 and 17 of the reverse travel passes into the hydraulic line 40. If the steering turns. the wheels 43 continue, then the liquid
    10 of the hydroline 40 passes through the metering pump 42 in the hydroline 41 and 39, as well as into the return chambers 15 and 16. If the turn of the steering wheel 43 is stopped, then the fluid from the chambers 14 and 17 of the return stroke, which enters the hydroline 40, should cause an increase in pressure in the hydroline 46. This increase in pressure should return
    20 movable valve element 33 in neutral position inside control valve 32. Steering system 1 must remain in neutral position until those
    25 pores until the steering wheel 43 turns further in either direction. The difference between the speeds of piston rods 6 and 7 is compensated by the connection between
    30 with four chambers 14, 15, 16 and 17. In the example described, when the volume of the return chambers 14 and 17 decreases, the liquid exiting will circulate through the hydrolines 38 and 40 in the hydrolines 41 and 39, filling the expanding chambers 15 and 16. However, in the control system I, there may be leaks, in particular in the metering pump 42. In connection with this, the compensating valves Q 48 and 49 are set to open under reduced pressure relative to the reducing valve 5 5. When the fluid pressure in any of the hydrolines 40 and 41 drops, or the minimum pressure required to open the compensating valves 48 and 49, the corresponding compensating valve 48 or 49 should open and allow the fluid to flow under pressure from the drain line 52 to the hydraulic line 40 or 41 This means that control system 1 will always be under positive pressure.
    The rotation of the steering wheel 43 to the right should force the fluid to flow through the metering pump 42 in the opposite direction. This causes the wheels 26 and 27 to turn in the opposite direction. Thus, the present invention allows to implement the system D) 95922 "with a constant amount of compensation for reverse stroke, which is rare to reduce the control effort of the dosing pump and at the same time a simple design.
    t
    Fick, T
       Aji

    37
    Aa
    fig.Z
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    1. HYDRAULIC POWER STEERING SYSTEM, containing the first and second articulated separate mechanical devices for moving, '- made in the form of hydraulic cylinders, each of which has a piston. With a rod, located in the hydraulic cylinder with the formation of three chambers - rod, rodless and intra-rod, a discharge pump, the discharge and discharge lines of which are communicated through a hydraulic control valve with rodless chambers of hydraulic cylinders, made by a drive, a manually controlled metering pump the working cavities of which are connected with two control lines of the control valve and with the intra-rod chambers of the hydraulic cylinders made compensating, while the rods of the hydraulic cylinders are kinematically connected with the supporting levers, characterized in that, in order to reduce the control effort of the metering pump, the rod chamber of each hydraulic cylinder is made compensating and connected to Q by the intra-rod chamber of another hydraulic cylinder, and the support arms are kinematically connected to each other.
    [2]
    2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a pressure reducing valve is installed in the drain line, wherein the drain line is communicated through check valves with control lines.
    [3]
    3. The system according to claims 1 and 2, wherein the discharge line is in communication with the metering pump.,
    SU ..... 1195922>
    1 And
    类似技术:
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    SU1039748A1|1983-09-07|Self-propelled machine speed stabilization system
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    SU1186879A2|1985-10-23|Hydraulic drive
    SU921962A1|1982-04-23|Hydroelectric steering engine
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK116082A|1982-09-17|
    RO83873B|1984-04-30|
    DD202337A5|1983-09-07|
    ZA821720B|1983-10-26|
    ES8303212A1|1983-02-01|
    BR8201403A|1983-02-01|
    ES510434A0|1983-02-01|
    DK151324B|1987-11-23|
    PL130106B1|1984-07-31|
    DE3271512D1|1986-07-10|
    AU546111B2|1985-08-15|
    IE52441B1|1987-10-28|
    DE60704T1|1983-04-14|
    JPS57160766A|1982-10-04|
    EP0060704A2|1982-09-22|
    AR228307A1|1983-02-15|
    EP0060704A3|1984-03-28|
    DK151324C|1988-07-04|
    JPH0239422B2|1990-09-05|
    US4367803A|1983-01-11|
    AT20219T|1986-06-15|
    AU8120282A|1982-09-23|
    EP0060704B1|1986-06-04|
    PL235464A1|1982-11-22|
    RO83873A|1984-04-02|
    MX155983A|1988-06-07|
    IE820592L|1982-09-16|
    CA1161337A|1984-01-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2664859A|1950-09-11|1954-01-05|Timken Roller Bearing Co|Hydraulically controlled fluid driven reciprocating actuator|
    US3016708A|1959-03-23|1962-01-16|Vickers Inc|Power transmission|
    US3200596A|1962-04-30|1965-08-17|Power Control Products Inc|Cylinder and piston arrangement|
    US3556242A|1969-04-03|1971-01-19|Case Co J I|Hydraulic steering system|
    US3710689A|1971-01-25|1973-01-16|Deere & Co|Hydraulic steering system|
    US3949650A|1975-01-16|1976-04-13|Blatt Leland F|Equal area displacement hydraulic cylinder|
    US4161865A|1978-01-27|1979-07-24|Caterpillar Tractor Co.|Steering control with hydraulic follow-up|US4741409A|1987-06-25|1988-05-03|General Motors Corporation|Electric steering system for automobiles|
    US5002142A|1989-04-14|1991-03-26|Trw Inc.|Vehicle steering system|
    US5076382A|1989-06-23|1991-12-31|Trw Inc.|Method and apparatus for steering a vehicle|
    US5186272A|1991-06-25|1993-02-16|General Motors Corporation|Automotive power steering gear|
    US6637541B2|2001-12-17|2003-10-28|Visteon Global Technologies, Inc.|Steering system having an interlocking mechanism|
    US7278511B1|2003-01-27|2007-10-09|Polaris Industries Inc.|Controller for steering a vehicle|
    US7316288B1|2003-01-27|2008-01-08|Polaris Industries Inc.|All terrain vehicle with multiple steering modes|
    DE10331534B4|2003-07-11|2008-01-17|Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh|Hydraulic steering system for mobile machines|
    US20080155975A1|2006-12-28|2008-07-03|Caterpillar Inc.|Hydraulic system with energy recovery|
    CN107985392A|2017-12-07|2018-05-04|中联重科安徽工业车辆有限公司|Forklift steering system and there is its fork truck|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/244,394|US4367803A|1981-03-16|1981-03-16|Steering system|
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